Family: Araneidae Clerck, 1757 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0102] Detail
In synonymy:
Mahadeva Keyserling, 1892 = Verrucosa McCook, 1888 (McCook, 1894: 199)
Gen. Verrucosa McCook, 1888 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01574] Detail
type Epeira arenata Walckenaer, 1841; gender feminine
N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Mahadeva Keyserling, 1892: 67 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:06211] (type Epeira verrucosa Hentz, 1850 = Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) by McCook, 1894: 199; not a senior synonym of Pickardiana Mello-Leitão, 1943 (Levi, 1988: 472, contra Archer, 1951a: 20); not a senior synonym of Paraverrucosa Mello-Leitão, 1939 (Levi, 1991b: 370, contra Archer, 1951a: 20).
Transferred to other genera:
Verrucosa alticeps (Keyserling, 1879) -- see Alpaida
Verrucosa audax (Blackwall, 1863) -- see Parawixia
Verrucosa dimastophora Mello-Leitão, 1940 -- see Wagneriana
Verrucosa furcifera (Keyserling, 1886) -- see Carepalxis
Verrucosa longicauda Mello-Leitão, 1947 -- see Paraverrucosa
Verrucosa rubronigra Mello-Leitão, 1939 -- see Rubrepeira
Verrucosa undulata (Keyserling, 1892) -- see Parawixia
In synonymy:
Verrucosa aequiangulus (Franganillo, 1930, T from Araneus) = Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) (Levi, 1976: 359).
Verrucosa aequiangulus ochraceus (Franganillo, 1930, T from Araneus) = Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) (Levi, 1976: 359).
Verrucosa mexicana (Lucas, 1833) = Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) (Levi, 1976: 358).
Verrucosa verrucosa (Hentz, 1850, T from Acanthepeira) = Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) (McCook, 1888a: 78).
Verrucosa alvarengai Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047468]
Verrucosa alvarengai Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 90, f. 379-385 (Df).
Verrucosa apuela Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Ecuador     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047469]
Verrucosa apuela Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 91, f. 386-393 (Dm).
Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) * | m f | USA to Panama, Greater Antilles     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017098]
Epeira mexicana Lucas, 1833c: 1, pl. 3 (Df; suppressed as a nomen oblitum by Levi, 1976: 358) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062946].
Epeira arenata Walckenaer, 1841: 133 (Dmf).
Epeira verrucosa Hentz, 1850: 19, pl. 3, f. 2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063096].
Acanthepeira verrucosa Marx, 1883: 22.
Verucosa arenata McCook, 1888a: 78 (lapsus, S of Acanthepeira verrucosa).
Mahadeva verrucosa Marx, 1890a: 541 (in generic nomen nudum).
Mahadeva verrucosa Keyserling, 1892: 72, pl. 3, f. 56 (mf).
Verrucosa arenata McCook, 1894: 200, pl. 12, f. 6-7 (mf).
Araneus mexicanus Simon, 1895a: 809 (S of Verrucosa undecimvariolata, revalidated by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 483, S confirmed by Levi, 1976: 360).
Epeira verrucosa Emerton, 1902: 181, f. 421-423 (mf).
Verrucosa arenata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 482, pl. 45, f. 23-24 (mf, S of Verrucosa reticulata, revalidated by Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 26).
Araneus arenatus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 279.
Araneus aequiangulus Franganillo, 1930: 26, f. 9 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062944].
Araneus aequiangulus ochraceus Franganillo, 1930: 28 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062945].
Verrucosa arenata Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 329, f. 211-212 (f).
Verrucosa arenata Levi, 1976: 358, f. 1-11 (mf, S of Araneus aequiangulus, A. aequiangulus ochraceus and Verrucosa mexicana).
Verrucosa arenata Coddington, 1990: 14, f. 64 (m).
Verrucosa arenata Scharff & Coddington, 1997: 372, f. 10, 24 (mf).
Verrucosa arenata Levi, 2002: 540, f. 89-90, 257-259 (mf).
Verrucosa arenata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 11, f. 8-38 (mf).
Verrucosa arenata Cabra-García & Hormiga, 2020: 1015, f. 19F, 21A, 26G, 34, 40E-F, 46A, 47B, 51B, 54C, 58A, 60A, 62A, 64A, 72A-F, 102A, 106A-E (mf).
Verrucosa avilesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Ecuador, Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047466]
Verrucosa avilesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 85, f. 365-371 (Df).
Verrucosa bartica Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Guyana     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047470]
Verrucosa bartica Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 93, f. 397-407 (Dm).
Verrucosa benavidesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia, Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047447]
Verrucosa benavidesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 55, f. 229-235 (Df).
Verrucosa brachiscapa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Ecuador     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047454]
Verrucosa brachiscapa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 65, f. 279-285 (Df).
Verrucosa cachimbo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047440]
Verrucosa cachimbo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 36, f. 139-157 (Dmf).
Verrucosa cajamarca Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047471]
Verrucosa cajamarca Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 93, f. 408-418 (Dm).
Verrucosa caninde Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047463]
Verrucosa caninde Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 81, f. 344-350 (Df).
Verrucosa canje Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Guyana     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047472]
Verrucosa canje Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 96, f. 419-429 (Dm).
Verrucosa carara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Costa Rica     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047443]
Verrucosa carara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 48, f. 201-207 (Df).
Verrucosa chanchamayo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047452]
Verrucosa chanchamayo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 63, f. 265-271 (Df).
Verrucosa coroico Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Bolivia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047460]
Verrucosa coroico Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 76, f. 321-327 (Df).
Verrucosa cuyabenoensis Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Ecuador, Bolivia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047473]
Verrucosa cuyabenoensis Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 96, f. 430-440 (Dm).
Verrucosa cuyuni Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Guyana     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047446]
Verrucosa cuyuni Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 53, f. 222-228 (Df).
Verrucosa cylicophora (Badcock, 1932) | f | Brazil, Paraguay     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047477]
Araneus cylicophorus Badcock, 1932: 26, f. 18 (Df).
Verrucosa cylicophora Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 17, f. 39-45 (f, removed from S of Verrucosa meridionalis, rejecting Mello-Leitão, 1946b: 41).
Verrucosa excavata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047449]
Verrucosa excavata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 58, f. 243-249 (Df).
Verrucosa florezi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047461]
Verrucosa florezi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 78, f. 328-336 (Df).
Verrucosa galianoae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047458]
Verrucosa galianoae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 73, f. 307-313 (Df).
Verrucosa guatopo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Venezuela     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047445]
Verrucosa guatopo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 51, f. 215-221 (Df).
Verrucosa hoferi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047462]
Verrucosa hoferi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 80, f. 337-343 (Df).
Verrucosa lampra (Soares & Camargo, 1948) | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017101]
Epeiroides lamprus Soares & Camargo, 1948a: 370, f. 23-24 (Df).
Verrucosa lampra Levi, 1989: 77 (T from Epeiroides).
Verrucosa lampra Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 18, f. 46-52, 85 (f).
Verrucosa lata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047457]
Verrucosa lata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 71, f. 300-306 (Df).
Verrucosa latigastra Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Guyana, Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047444]
Verrucosa latigastra Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 50, f. 208-214 (Df).
Verrucosa levii Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047451]
Verrucosa levii Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 62, f. 257-264 (Df).
Verrucosa macarena Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047455]
Verrucosa macarena Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 68, f. 286-292 (Df).
Verrucosa manauara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047453]
Verrucosa manauara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 65, f. 272-278 (Df).
Verrucosa meridionalis (Keyserling, 1892) | m f | Brazil, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017102]
Mahadeva meridionalis Keyserling, 1892: 74, pl. 3, f. 57 (Df).
Araneus meridionalis Petrunkevitch, 1911: 302.
Aranea meridionalis Strand, 1916b: 113.
Verrucosa meridionalis Mello-Leitão, 1946b: 41 (S of Araneus cylicophorus, revalidated by Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 17).
Verrucosa meridionalis Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 20, f. 1, 53-84 (f, Dm).
Verrucosa meta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047450]
Verrucosa meta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 60, f. 250-256 (Df).
Verrucosa opon Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047464]
Verrucosa opon Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 83, f. 351-357 (Df).
Verrucosa pedrera Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047456]
Verrucosa pedrera Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 70, f. 293-299 (Df).
Verrucosa rancho Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Venezuela     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047448]
Verrucosa rancho Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 57, f. 236-242 (Df).
Verrucosa reticulata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) | m | Panama, Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047478]
Mahadiva reticulata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 54, pl. 3, f. 10 (Dm, lapsus, in generic nomen nudum).
Mahadeva reticulata Keyserling, 1892: 71, pl. 3, f. 55 (m).
Verrucosa reticulata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 26, f. 86-93 (m, removed from S of Verrucosa arenata, rejecting F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 482).
Verrucosa rhea Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047476]
Verrucosa rhea Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 102, f. 463-474 (Dm).
Verrucosa scapofracta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m f | Brazil, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047442]
Verrucosa scapofracta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 42, f. 2, 175-200 (Dmf).
Verrucosa septemmammata Caporiacco, 1954 | f | French Guiana     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017103]
Verrucosa septemmammata Caporiacco, 1954: 100, f. 22 (Df).
Verrucosa septemmammata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 104 (misplaced).
Verrucosa sergipana Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047474]
Verrucosa sergipana Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 99, f. 441-451 (Dm).
Verrucosa silvae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia, Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047465]
Verrucosa silvae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 85, f. 358-364 (Df).
Verrucosa simla Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m | Trinidad     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047475]
Verrucosa simla Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 99, f. 452-462 (Dm).
Verrucosa suaita Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047459]
Verrucosa suaita Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 75, f. 314-320 (Df).
Verrucosa tarapoa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | m f | Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047441]
Verrucosa tarapoa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 39, f. 158-174 (Dmf) [and Erratum: p. 600].
Verrucosa tuberculata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 | f | Costa Rica, Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047467]
Verrucosa tuberculata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 88, f. 372-378 (Df).
Verrucosa undecimvariolata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) | m f | Mexico to Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042112]
Mahadiva undecim-variolata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889d: 53, pl. 3, f. 8-9 (Dmf, lapsus, in generic nomen nudum).
Mahadeva undecimvariolata Keyserling, 1892: 69, pl. 3, f. 54 (mf).
Verrucosa undecim-variolata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 483, pl. 45, f. 25-26 (mf, removed from S of Verrucosa arenata, rejecting Simon, 1895a: 809, sub Araneus mexicanus).
Verrucosa undecimvariolata Levi, 1976: 360 (removing from S of Verrucosa arenata confirmed).
Verrucosa undecimvariolata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 28, f. 94-120 (mf).
Verrucosa zebra (Keyserling, 1892) | m f | Brazil, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017104]
Mahadeva zebra Keyserling, 1892: 68, pl. 3, f. 53 (Df).
Araneus zebra Simon, 1895a: 810, f. 864-865 (Dm).
Verrucosa zebra Levi, 1991a: 180 (T from Araneus).
Verrucosa zebra Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015: 33, f. 121-138 (mf).
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