Family: Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0058] Detail
In synonymy:
Mecostrabus Simon, 1903 = Monaeses Thorell, 1869 (Ono, 1985b: 92)
Monastes Lucas, 1846 = Monaeses Thorell, 1869 (Thorell, 1869: 37, preoccupied, replacement name)
Rhynchognatha Thorell, 1887 = Monaeses Thorell, 1869 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 101)
Gen. Monaeses Thorell, 1869 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02703] Detail
type Monastes paradoxus Lucas, 1846; gender masculine
N.B.: replacement name for Monastes Lucas, 1846: 192 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05741], proccupied in Aves by Nitzsch, 1840; considered a senior synonym of Rhynchognatha Thorell, 1887: 284 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05743] (type R. cinerascens Thorell, 1887) by Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 101 (contra Crome, 1962: 167) and of Mecostrabus Simon, 1903g: 726 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05742] (type M. aciculus Simon, 1903) by Ono, 1985b: 92.
In synonymy:
Monaeses debilispina Lawrence, 1928 = Monaeses griseus Pavesi, 1897 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 112).
Monaeses magnus Millot, 1942 = Monaeses austrinus Simon, 1910 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 110).
Monaeses nigeriensis Millot, 1942 = Monaeses paradoxus (Lucas, 1846) (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 107).
Monaeses paradoxus albidus Simon, 1906 = Monaeses paradoxus (Lucas, 1846) (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 107).
Monaeses voltaensis Millot, 1942 = Monaeses austrinus Simon, 1910 (Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 110).
Monaeses aciculus (Simon, 1903) | m f | Nepal to Japan, Philippines     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030746]
Mecostrabus aciculus Simon, 1903g: 727 (Df).
Monaeses aciculus Ono, 1985b: 93, f. 1-8 (f, Dm).
Monaeses acciculus Tang & Song, 1988b: 14, f. 2I-J (f).
Monaeses aciculus Chikuni, 1989b: 143, f. 23 (mf).
Monaeses aciculus Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 880, f. 52A-B (f).
Monaeses aciculus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 220, f. 126a-d (m).
Monaeses aciculus Song & Zhu, 1997: 59, f. 35A-H (mf).
Monaeses aciculus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 483, f. 275B, 279P, 280H (mf).
Monaeses aciculus Ono, 2009a: 510, f. 119-123 (mf).
Monaeses aciculus Yin et al., 2012: 1290, f. 694a-e (mf).
Monaeses aciculus Rio, 2020b: 86, f. 1b-c (f).
Monaeses attenuatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 | m | Sri Lanka     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030747]
Monaeses attenuatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899b: 529, pl. 30, f. 11 (Dm).
Rhynchognatha attenuata Crome, 1962: 168 (Tm from Monaeses).
Monaeses austrinus Simon, 1910 | m f | Ivory Coast, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030748]
Monaeses austrinus Simon, 1910b: 194 (Df).
Monaeses magnus Millot, 1942: 27, f. 12K (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055958].
Monaeses voltaensis Millot, 1942: 28, f. 12I-J (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055961].
Monaeses austrinus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 110, f. 7a-e (mf, S of Monaeses magnus and M. voltaensis).
Monaeses austrinus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 54, 53: 1 f., 54: 4 f., 55: 4 f. (mf).
Monaeses brevicaudatus L. Koch, 1874 | f | Australia (Queensland)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030749]
Monaeses brevicaudatus L. Koch, 1874a: 526, pl. 40, f. 3 (Df).
Monaeses caudatus Tang & Song, 1988 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030750]
Monaeses caudatus Tang & Song, 1988a: 245, f. 1-3 (Df).
Monaeses caudatus Chen & Zhang, 1995: 140, f. 1-2 (Dm).
Monaeses caudatus Song & Zhu, 1997: 59, f. 36A-E (mf).
Monaeses caudatus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 483, f. 275C, 280A, I (mf).
Monaeses cinerascens (Thorell, 1887) | j | Sri Lanka, Myanmar     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030751]
Rhynchognatha cinerascens Thorell, 1887: 285 (Dj).
Monaeses cinerascens Simon, 1895a: 993.
Rhynchognatha cinerascens Crome, 1962: 168 (Tj from Monaeses).
Monaeses fasciculiger Jézéquel, 1964 | m f | Ivory Coast     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030752]
Monaeses fasciculigera Jézéquel, 1964c: 1116, f. 15-16 (Dmf).
Monaeses fasciculigerus Brignoli, 1983c: 612.
Monaeses fuscus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984 | m f | South Africa     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030753]
Monaeses fuscus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 109, f. 1c, 6a-c (Dmf).
Monaeses fuscus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 56, 5 f. (mf).
Monaeses gibbus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984 | m f | South Africa     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030754]
Monaeses gibbus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 105, f. 4a-g (Dmf).
Monaeses gibbus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 57, 53: 1 f., 57: 5 f. (mf).
Monaeses greeni O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 | m | Sri Lanka     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030755]
Monaeses greeni O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899b: 530, pl. 30, f. 12 (Dm).
Rhynchognatha greeni Crome, 1962: 168 (Tm from Monaeses).
Monaeses griseus Pavesi, 1897 | m f | Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Namibia, South Africa     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030756]
Monaeses griseus Pavesi, 1897b: 173 (Df).
Monaeses debilispina Lawrence, 1928: 245, pl. 22, f. 28 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055957].
Monaeses griseus Millot, 1942: 23, f. 12A-D (Dm).
Monaeses griseus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 112, f. 9a-d (mf, S of Monaeses debilispina).
Monaeses griseus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 58, 5 f. (mf).
Monaeses guineensis Millot, 1942 | m | Guinea     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030757]
Monaeses guineensis Millot, 1942: 26, f. 13A-C (Dm).
Monaeses habamatinikus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 | m f | Philippines     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030758]
Monaeses habamatinikus Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 218, f. 125a-q (Dmf).
Monaeses israeliensis Levy, 1973 | m f | Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, Caucasus, Middle East, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, India, China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030759]
Monaeses paradoxus Strand, 1915c: 147 (misidentified per Levy, 1973: 111).
Monaeses israeliensis Levy, 1973: 111, f. 8-11 (Dmf).
Monaeses israeliensis Levy, 1985b: 20, f. 15-18 (mf).
Monaeses israeliensis Bayram et al., 2007a: 132, f. 3A-D (m).
Monaeses israeliensis Kiany et al., 2017: 2, f. 2a-e (mf).
Monaeses israeliensis Yuan et al., 2019: 106, f. 1A-F (mf).
Monaeses israeliensis Naumova, Blagoev & Deltshev, 2021: 240, f. 22A-G (mf).
Monaeses israeliensis Sen & Sureshan, 2021b: 98, f. 1-4 (f; probably misidentified per Zarikian, Kosyan & Marusik, 2023: 144).
Monaeses israeliensis Zarikian, Kosyan & Marusik, 2023: 144, f. 8-13 (m).
Monaeses israeliensis Fedoriak, Kovblyuk & Kastrygina, 2023: 381, f. 2-7 (f).
Monaeses israeliensis Seropian et al., 2023: 288, f. S5 (m).
Monaeses jabalpurensis Gajbe & Rane, 1992 | m f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030760]
Monaeses jabalpurensis Gajbe & Rane, 1992: 395, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
Monaeses jabalpurensis Gajbe, 2007: 449, f. 54-58 (mf).
Monaeses lucasi (Taczanowski, 1872) | m | Guyana     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030761]
Monastes lucasii Taczanowski, 1872: 81, pl. 4, f. 5 (Dm).
Rhynchognatha lucasi Crome, 1962: 168 (Tm from Monaeses).
Monaeses mukundi Tikader, 1980 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030762]
Monaeses mukundi Tikader, 1980a: 145, f. 205-207 (Df).
Monaeses nigritus Simon, 1909 | j | Vietnam     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030763]
Monaeses nigritus Simon, 1909e: 128 (Dj).
Rhynchognatha nigrita Crome, 1962: 168 (Tj from Monaeses).
Monaeses pachpediensis (Tikader, 1980) | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030764]
Tmarus pachpediensis Tikader, 1980a: 149, f. 211-213 (Df).
Monaeses pachpediensis Ono, 1988c: 68 (Tf from Tmarus).
Monaeses paradoxus (Lucas, 1846) * | m f | Southern Europe, Africa, Caucasus     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030765]
Monastes paradoxus Lucas, 1846: 193, pl. 11, f. 1 (Dmf).
Thomisus paradoxus Simon, 1866b: 286.
Monaeses paradoxus Thorell, 1870b: 182.
Monaeses caudicula Simon, 1885c: 324 (Dj).
Monaeses caudicula Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 102, pl. 4, f. 12 (Dmf).
Monaeses paradoxus Simon, 1895a: 995.
Monaeses paradoxus albidus Simon, 1906a: 1165 (D) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055960].
Monaeses paradoxus Simon, 1932: 782, 866, f. 1126-1129 (mf).
Monaeses nigeriensis Millot, 1942: 25, f. 12E-H (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055959].
Monaeses paradoxus Levy, 1973: 113, f. 12-14 (mf).
Monaeses paradoxus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 107, f. 5a-i (mf, S of Monaeses nigeriensis and M. paradoxus albidus).
Monaeses paradoxus Lecigne, 2016a: 113, f. 9A-B (f).
Monaeses paradoxus Lecigne, 2017: 35, f. 12I-J (f).
Monaeses paradoxus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 59, 53: 1 f., 59: 6 f., 60: 3 f. (mf).
Monaeses paradoxus Rehfeldt & Cassar, 2024: 35, f. 34a-b, 44e (f).
Monaeses parvati Tikader, 1963 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030766]
Monaeses parvati Tikader, 1963e: 249, f. 1a-c (Df).
Monaeses parvati Tikader, 1971a: 57, f. 16C-E (f).
Monaeses parvati Tikader, 1980a: 144, f. 202-204 (f).
Monaeses pustulosus Pavesi, 1895 | m f | Guinea, Burkina Faso, Eritrea, Ethiopia, DR Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030767]
Monaeses pustulosus Pavesi, 1895a: 513 (Df).
Tmarus pustulosus Simon, 1901d: 22.
Monaeses pustulosus Lessert, 1915a: 35, pl. 2, f. 51 (f).
Monaeses pustulosus Lessert, 1919: 113, f. 9, pl. 2, f. 38 (Dm).
Monaeses pustulosus Millot, 1942: 22, f. 11A-D (mf).
Monaeses pustulosus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 112, f. 8a-g (mf).
Monaeses pustulosus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 61, 5 f. (mf).
Monaeses quadrituberculatus Lawrence, 1927 | m f | Tanzania, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030768]
Monaeses quadrituberculatus Lawrence, 1927: 33, pl. 1, f. 21, pl. 3, f. 64 (Dmf).
Monaeses quadrituberculatus Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1984: 105, f. 3a-e (m, Df).
Monaeses quadrituberculatus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020u: 62, 5 f. (mf).
Monaeses reticulatus (Simon, 1909) | j | Vietnam     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030769]
Mecostrabus reticulatus Simon, 1909e: 127 (Dj).
Monaeses tuberculatus (Thorell, 1895) | m | Myanmar     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030770]
Rhynchognatha tuberculata Thorell, 1895b: 296 (Dm).
Rhynchognatha tuberculata Crome, 1962: 168 (Tm from Monaeses).
Monaeses xiphosurus Simon, 1907 | f | Guinea-Bissau     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030771]
Monaeses xiphosura Simon, 1907d: 313 (Df).
Monaeses xiphosurus Roewer, 1955c: 812.
Monaeses xizang Wang, Lu & Z. S. Zhang, 2024 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062847]
Monaeses xizang Wang, Lu & Z. S. Zhang, in Wang et al., 2024j: 199, f. 1C-D, 3M-N, 5A-D (Dmf).
Monaeses xyphoides L. Koch, 1874 | j | Australia (Queensland)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:030772]
Monaeses xyphoides L. Koch, 1874a: 525, pl. 40, f. 2 (Dj).
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