Family: Araneidae Clerck, 1757 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0102]
Detail
Gen. Pararaneus Caporiacco, 1940 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01538]
Detail
type Epeira striata Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895; gender masculine; syn. of Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898)
N.B.: Archer, 1951a: 21 implicitly synonymized this genus by transferring its type species to Eriophora Simon, 1864, but this change was not adopted by Grasshoff, 1968.
In synonymy:
Pararaneus asbenicus (Denis, 1955, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus confusionis (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus crassicaudex (Thorell, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus perforatus (Thorell, 1899) (Grasshoff, 1968: 89).
Pararaneus darolicola (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus hoplophallus (Pocock, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus lunulifera (Reimoser, 1937, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Levy, 1998a: 344).
Pararaneus manicola (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus paracymbifer (Strand, 1906) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus randiae (Strand, 1917, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus sanguipes (Thorell, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1986: 78).
Pararaneus streptoceros (Pocock, 1898) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatellus Roewer, 1942 = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus striatellus intermedius (Pavesi, 1897) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatellus similis (Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatus (Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus suedicola (Simon, 1890, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus suedicola pardalis (Simon, 1907, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus tyloscapus (Pocock, 1900, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus perforatus (Thorell, 1899) (Grasshoff, 1968: 89).
Pararaneus asbenicus (Denis, 1955, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus confusionis (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus crassicaudex (Thorell, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus perforatus (Thorell, 1899) (Grasshoff, 1968: 89).
Pararaneus darolicola (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus hoplophallus (Pocock, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus lunulifera (Reimoser, 1937, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Levy, 1998a: 344).
Pararaneus manicola (Strand, 1906, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus paracymbifer (Strand, 1906) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus randiae (Strand, 1917, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus sanguipes (Thorell, 1899, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1986: 78).
Pararaneus streptoceros (Pocock, 1898) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatellus Roewer, 1942 = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus striatellus intermedius (Pavesi, 1897) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatellus similis (Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus striatus (Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895) = Pararaneus cyrtoscapus (Pocock, 1898) (Grasshoff, 1968: 86).
Pararaneus suedicola (Simon, 1890, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 91).
Pararaneus suedicola pardalis (Simon, 1907, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus spectator (Karsch, 1885) (Grasshoff, 1968: 92).
Pararaneus tyloscapus (Pocock, 1900, T from Araneus) = Pararaneus perforatus (Thorell, 1899) (Grasshoff, 1968: 89).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus
(Pocock, 1898) *
|
| Central, East, Southern Africa, Yemen (Socotra)
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016883]
Epeira striata Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895: 43, pl. 2, f. 24-25 (Dmf; preoccupied by Doleschall, 1857, see Argiope aemula) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062183].
Araneus cyrtoscapus Pocock, 1898c: 206, pl. 8, f. 2 (Dmf).
Aranea sanguipes Thorell, 1899: 48 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062175].
Araneus hoplophallus Pocock, 1899c: 40 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062171].
Aranea darolicola Strand, 1906b: 623 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062170].
Aranea paracymbifera Strand, 1906b: 624 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062174].
Aranea striata Tullgren, 1910: 163, pl. 4, f. 109 (f).
Araneus striatus Lessert, 1930: 639, f. 15-16 (mf).
Araneus sanguipes Lessert, 1930: 645, f. 20 (Dm, f, S of Araneus haematocnemis; rejected by Grasshoff, 1986: 78, see Neoscona penicillipes).
Pararaneus striatus Caporiacco, 1940b: 299.
Pararaneus paracymbifer Caporiacco, 1941b: 74 (T from Araneus).
Pararaneus striatellus Roewer, 1942a: 869 (replacement name for Epeira striata Bösenberg & Lenz) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062177].
Pararaneus cyrtoscalus Caporiacco, 1947c: 160 (T from Araneus).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Grasshoff, 1968: 86, f. 48, 52-54, 60b, 63a-f, 67-73, 82 (mf, S of Araneus darolicola, A. hoplophallus, Pararaneus paracymbifer, P. striatus Bösenberg & Lenz and P. striatellus).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Grasshoff, 1986: 78 (S or Araneus sanguipes).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 31, p. 31: 7 f., p. 32: 6 f. (mf).
Araneus cyrtoscapus Pocock, 1898c: 206, pl. 8, f. 2 (Dmf).
Aranea sanguipes Thorell, 1899: 48 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062175].
Araneus hoplophallus Pocock, 1899c: 40 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062171].
Aranea darolicola Strand, 1906b: 623 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062170].
Aranea paracymbifera Strand, 1906b: 624 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062174].
Aranea striata Tullgren, 1910: 163, pl. 4, f. 109 (f).
Araneus striatus Lessert, 1930: 639, f. 15-16 (mf).
Araneus sanguipes Lessert, 1930: 645, f. 20 (Dm, f, S of Araneus haematocnemis; rejected by Grasshoff, 1986: 78, see Neoscona penicillipes).
Pararaneus striatus Caporiacco, 1940b: 299.
Pararaneus paracymbifer Caporiacco, 1941b: 74 (T from Araneus).
Pararaneus striatellus Roewer, 1942a: 869 (replacement name for Epeira striata Bösenberg & Lenz) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062177].
Pararaneus cyrtoscalus Caporiacco, 1947c: 160 (T from Araneus).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Grasshoff, 1968: 86, f. 48, 52-54, 60b, 63a-f, 67-73, 82 (mf, S of Araneus darolicola, A. hoplophallus, Pararaneus paracymbifer, P. striatus Bösenberg & Lenz and P. striatellus).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Grasshoff, 1986: 78 (S or Araneus sanguipes).
Pararaneus cyrtoscapus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 31, p. 31: 7 f., p. 32: 6 f. (mf).
Pararaneus perforatus
(Thorell, 1899) |
| Central, East, Southern Africa
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016884]
Aranea perforata Thorell, 1899: 46 (Dm).
Aranea crassicaudex Thorell, 1899: 44 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062169].
Araneus tyloscapus Pocock, 1900g: 851, pl. 55, f. 3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062182].
Pararaneus perforatus Grasshoff, 1968: 89, f. 47, 49-51, 60a, 62a-g, 67-73, 82-84 (mf, T from Araneus, S of Araneus crassicaudex and A. tyloscapus).
Pararaneus perforatus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 33, p. 30: 1 f., p. 33: 5 f. (f).
Aranea crassicaudex Thorell, 1899: 44 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062169].
Araneus tyloscapus Pocock, 1900g: 851, pl. 55, f. 3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062182].
Pararaneus perforatus Grasshoff, 1968: 89, f. 47, 49-51, 60a, 62a-g, 67-73, 82-84 (mf, T from Araneus, S of Araneus crassicaudex and A. tyloscapus).
Pararaneus perforatus Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 33, p. 30: 1 f., p. 33: 5 f. (f).
Pararaneus pseudostriatus
(Strand, 1908) |
| Central, East Africa
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016885]
Aranea striata pseudostriata Strand, 1908g: 380 (Dj).
Pararaneus striatus substriatus Caporiacco, 1940b: 299 (lapsus for pseudostriatus, per Grasshoff, 1968: 93).
Araneus striatus pseudostriata Caporiacco, 1940c: 826 (Df).
Pararaneus pseudostriatus Grasshoff, 1968: 93, f. 58-59, 60d, 65a-d, 74-82 (Dm, f, elevated from subspecies).
Pararaneus striatus substriatus Caporiacco, 1940b: 299 (lapsus for pseudostriatus, per Grasshoff, 1968: 93).
Araneus striatus pseudostriata Caporiacco, 1940c: 826 (Df).
Pararaneus pseudostriatus Grasshoff, 1968: 93, f. 58-59, 60d, 65a-d, 74-82 (Dm, f, elevated from subspecies).
Pararaneus spectator
(Karsch, 1885) |
| Africa, Middle East
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016886]
Epeira spectator Karsch, 1885: 134, f. 3-4 (Df).
Epeira suedicola Simon, 1890a: 103 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062180].
Epeira similis Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895: 44, pl. 2, f. 26 (Df; preoccupied by Blackwall, 1844, see Zygiella x-notata) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062179].
Epeira striata similis Pavesi, 1897b: 164.
Epeira striata intermedia Pavesi, 1897b: 164 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062178].
Araneus streptoceros Pocock, 1898e: 436, pl. 13, f. 2 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062176].
Aranea confusionis Strand, 1906b: 619 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062168].
Aranea manicola Strand, 1906b: 623 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062173].
Araneus suedicola pardalis Simon, 1907e: 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062181].
Aranea streptocera Strand, 1908g: 379.
Aranea randiae Strand, 1917c: 71 (replacement name for Epeira similis Bösenberg & Lenz) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062184].
Aranea lunulifera Reimoser, 1937b: 20, f. 2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062172].
Araneus striatus intermedius Caporiacco, 1940c: 826.
Pararaneus striatellus intermedius Roewer, 1942a: 870.
Pararaneus streptoceros Caporiacco, 1949a: 411, f. 53 (f, T from Araneus).
Araneus asbenicus Denis, 1955b: 134, f. 40 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062167].
Pararaneus spectator Grasshoff, 1968: 91, f. 55-57, 60c, 64a-d, 74-82 (mf, T from Araneus, S of Araneus asbenicus, A. confusionis, A. manicola, A. randiae, A. suedicola, A. suedicola pardalis, Pararaneus striatellus intermedius and P. striatellus similis).
Pararaneus spectator Levy, 1998a: 342, f. 127-134 (mf, S of Araneus lunulifer).
Pararaneus spectator Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 34, p. 30: 1 f., p. 34: 7 f. (f habitus).
Epeira suedicola Simon, 1890a: 103 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062180].
Epeira similis Bösenberg & Lenz, 1895: 44, pl. 2, f. 26 (Df; preoccupied by Blackwall, 1844, see Zygiella x-notata) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062179].
Epeira striata similis Pavesi, 1897b: 164.
Epeira striata intermedia Pavesi, 1897b: 164 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062178].
Araneus streptoceros Pocock, 1898e: 436, pl. 13, f. 2 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062176].
Aranea confusionis Strand, 1906b: 619 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062168].
Aranea manicola Strand, 1906b: 623 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062173].
Araneus suedicola pardalis Simon, 1907e: 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062181].
Aranea streptocera Strand, 1908g: 379.
Aranea randiae Strand, 1917c: 71 (replacement name for Epeira similis Bösenberg & Lenz) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062184].
Aranea lunulifera Reimoser, 1937b: 20, f. 2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062172].
Araneus striatus intermedius Caporiacco, 1940c: 826.
Pararaneus striatellus intermedius Roewer, 1942a: 870.
Pararaneus streptoceros Caporiacco, 1949a: 411, f. 53 (f, T from Araneus).
Araneus asbenicus Denis, 1955b: 134, f. 40 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062167].
Pararaneus spectator Grasshoff, 1968: 91, f. 55-57, 60c, 64a-d, 74-82 (mf, T from Araneus, S of Araneus asbenicus, A. confusionis, A. manicola, A. randiae, A. suedicola, A. suedicola pardalis, Pararaneus striatellus intermedius and P. striatellus similis).
Pararaneus spectator Levy, 1998a: 342, f. 127-134 (mf, S of Araneus lunulifer).
Pararaneus spectator Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2022f: 34, p. 30: 1 f., p. 34: 7 f. (f habitus).
Pararaneus uncivulva
(Strand, 1907) |
| Madagascar
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016887]
Aranea uncivulva Strand, 1907a: 535 (Df).
Aranea uncivulva Strand, 1907n: 634 (Df).
Aranea uncivulva Strand, 1908f: 469, f. K (f).
Pararaneus uncivulva Grasshoff, 1968: 94, f. 66a-d, 74-82 (f, T from Araneus).
up
Aranea uncivulva Strand, 1907n: 634 (Df).
Aranea uncivulva Strand, 1908f: 469, f. K (f).
Pararaneus uncivulva Grasshoff, 1968: 94, f. 66a-d, 74-82 (f, T from Araneus).